Interviews, designer-as-customer, surveys, and literature review inform detailed maps of the challenges faced by homeowners and solar panel installers.

Qualitative user research becomes a quantitative, predictive model on solar panel adoption in California and Massachusetts.

Epistemic (lack of knowledge) and Aleatoric (inherent variability) Uncertainty modeled together to capture the wild-west that is early-stage wind farm design.

How will landowners considering participating in a wind farm project respond to education and time to consider?

Some landowners have special parcels that control the profitability of a wind farm.

Qual/quant user research combines in a discrete choice survey paired with installation experience survey.